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ISO 15608 Material Groups

ISO 15608 Material Groups

ISO 15608 Material Group 10.3

  • Austenitic ferritic stainless steels (Duplex)

ISO 15608 Material Group 10.3:
Austenitic ferritic stainless steels (Lean–Duplex) with Ni ≤ 4 %

What are Lean-Duplex steels?

Lean-Duplex steels are low Ni-alloyed, the duplex microstructure contributes to the high strength. Lean duplex steels are suitable for less aggressive conditions. Lean duplex stainless steels are a subset of duplex stainless steels that are formulated with lower amounts of expensive alloying elements, like nickel and molybdenum, while still maintaining good corrosion resistance and higher strength than conventional austenitic stainless steels. In duplex stainless steel, N is an important element that is used extensively for the enhancement of PREN (22 – 27), stabilisation of the austenite phase, and improvement of strength.

For comparison: Austenitic steels (PREN = 24-25); Lean Duplex steels (PREN=21-32), Standard Duplex steels (PREN =32-40); Super Duplex steels (PREN = 40-48); Hyper Duplex steels (PREN >48).
Note: There is no exact definition for this classification.

The pitting corrosion resistance is better than that of austenitic AISI 304 (EN 1.4307) and can reach the level of AISI 316L (EN 1.4404).

Weldability of Lean Duplex steels

Duplex stainless steel grades generally have good weldability and they can be welded using most of the welding methods used for austenitic stainless steels. In particular, N is very effective in maintaining the austenite phase of welds. Typical recommended heat inputs are 15-20 KJ/cm with a max. 150 °C interpass temperature. Nitrogen to the shielding gas and use of nitrogen-based backing gas can further improve the austenite formation and make the weld metal more resistant to pitting. It is not recommend pre- or post-welding heat treatments. Only complete solution annealing heat treatment may be considered.

Typical material in group 10.3

Name/Grade/TypeNumberStandardProductAlloyRemarks
–
–
–
S32003		S32003
S32003
S32003
S32003		ASTM A-240
ASTM A-789
ASTM A-790
A928		Plate
Smls. and welded tube
Smls. and welded pipe
Welded pipe
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
X2CrNiN22-2
–
–
–
–
–
–		1.4062
S32202
S32202
S32202
S32202
S32202
S32202		EN 10088-2
ASTM A-182
ASTM A-240
ASTM A-479
ASTM A-789
ASTM A-790
ASTM A-815		Plate
Forging
Plate
Bar
Smls. and welded tube
Smls. and welded pipe
Fitting		–
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
X2CrMnNiN21-5-1
–
–
–
–
–		1.4162
S32101
S32101
S32101
S32101
S32101		EN 10028-7
ASTM A-240
ASTM A-479
ASTM A-789
ASTM A-790
ASTM A-815		Plate
Plate
Bar
Smls. and welded tube
Smls. and welded pipe
Fitting		EN ISO 21009-1
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
–
–		S82011
S82011		ASTM A-789
ASTM A-790		Smls. and welded tube
Smls. and welded pipe		ASME BPVC
ASME BPVC
–S82012ASTM A-240PlateASME BPVC
–S82031ASTM A-240PlateASME BPVC
Table: Typical materials

Read More

Standard Duplex steel: ISO 15608 Group 10.1
Super Duplex steel: ISO 15608 Group 10.2

ISO 15608 groups materials according to their similar properties such as chemical composition, weldability and mechanical properties. However, it can also be used for other applications such as NDE, forming or heat treatments.

Material assigned to a group in ISO/TR 20172 (European Materials), ISO/TR 20173 (American Materials) and ISO/TR 20174 (Japanese Materials) should considered to those groups.

ISO 15608 material groups reduces the number of welding procedure qualifications (WPQR) e.g. ISO 15614-1. One WPQR is required for a single material group, whereby this material group can contain several specific materials (see tables below). For example, A WPQR with a material from subgroup 1.2 includes all materials from the subgroup 1.1

ISO 15608 is included in many codes and standards so that this simplification of welding qualifications can be used there e.g. EN 13445-2, EN 13480-2, AD 2000, PD 5500, EN 1092-2, ISO 9606.

ASME BPVC Section X has a similar group classification (P-number), but cannot be adopted 1:1. The American system similarly classifies materials into groups, however ASME BPVC Sect. IX in QW422 explicitly classifies grades of materials to groups and not on the chemical composition and mechanical properties such as is the case with ISO 15608.

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