Material Group 8.1 ISO/TR 15608: Austenitic stainless steels such as grade 316L with
Cr ≤ 19 % and Ni ≤ 35 %
Features of austenitic steels
The Cr-Ni grades are general purpose grades , which are mainly alloyed with chromium and nickel, with the exclusion of molybdenum. These grades are sometimes referred to as 18-8 type of stainless steels, indicating the approximate chromium and nickel content respectively. Austenitic stainless steels have a “face-centred-cubic”, crystal structure, which is the same as that of pure iron above the temperature of 910oC.
Basic properties of austenitic stainless steels such as grade 316L include:
- Excellent corrosion resistance
- Excellent cleanability and hygienic properties
- Fabricated and formed with ease
- Excellent weldability
- Hardened by cold work, not by heat treatment
- Usually used in the fully annealed condition in which they are essentially non-magnetic
- The ability to handle both extremely low (cryogenic) temperatures and, depending on the load and permissible distortion, higher service temperatures of around 600 degrees Celsius or even higher if scaling resistance is the principal consideration.
In order to improve the strength and machinability, some of the grades are alloyed with either nitrogen or sulphur. There are also stabilised grades where titanium or niobium is added to increase the mechanical properties at high temperatures by the formation of hardening carbides. The presence of hard titanium carbonitrides. which form the stabilised grades of stainless steels make these steels unsuitable for polishing.
Contrary to earlier practice where titanium and niobium stabilisation was also used to avoid detrimental carbide precipitates on welding, for modern low-carbon Cr-Ni steels this is not necessary. Due to the presence of titanium carbides and nitrides the stabilised grades of stainless steel, there inclusion content will be higher than those of low carbon steel grades – all else being equal. In the most instances the difference in inclusion content is not critical, but som applications this difference might be noted.
Weldability of austenitic stainless steels such as grade 316L
Austenitic stainless steels generally exhibit good weldability and very good toughness even down to cryogenic temperatures, i.e. they do not display a ductile to brittle transition with decreasing temperature. A common misconception exists that the stabilised stainless steel grades are easier to weld than the low carbon grades. this ist not correct however and both the stabilised and low carbon grades can be readily welding using all common techniques. Due the improvements in the production of stainless steels, low carbon variants have replaced the titanium stabilised grades of stainless steel. In addition to minimising the possibility of sensitation during welding or high temperature processing, the low carbon (≤ 0.03 %C) grades have overcome the surface problems commonly experienced with the titanium stabilised grades.
Applications of austenitic stainless steels
Austenitic stainless steel is used to the pharmaceutical, chemical, and food industries because its corrosion resistance provides high cleanability, low maintenance, and durability.
Austenitic stainless steels according to European standards such as EN 10028-7, EN 10216-5, EN 10217-7, EN 10222-5 are specified with an impact energy ≥ 60 Joule at a test temperature of -196 °C and are therefore suitable for cryogenic applications. Austenitic steels are resistant to brittle fracture in the solution-annealed condition.
Typical materials in group 8.1
| Name / Grade | Number | Standards | Products | AISI | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| GX8CrNi12 | 1.4107 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X5CrNi18-10 X5CrNi18-10 X5CrNi18-10 X5CrNi18-10 X5CrNi18-10 X5CrNi18-10 X5CrNi18-10 F304 304 TP304 TP304 304 TP304 304 WP304 TP304 304 304 TP304 TP304 TP304 F304 CF8 CF8A CPF8 CPF8A | 1.4301 1.4301 1.4301 1.4301 1.4301 1.4301 1.4301 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 S30400 J92600 J92600 J92600 J92600 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10253-4 EN 10269 EN 10272 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-269 ASTM A-276 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-409 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-666 ASTM A-688 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 ASTM A-351 ASTM A-351 ASTM A-451 ASTM A-451 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Fittings Fastener Bar Forging Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded tube Bar Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Fittings Welded pipe Bar Plate Welded tube Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging Casting Casting Centrif. casting Centrif. casting | – – – – – – – – – 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 304 | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X2CrNi19-11 X2CrNi19-11 X2CrNi19-11 X2CrNi19-11 X2CrNi19-11 F304L TP304L 304L TP304 TP304L 304L TP304L 304L WP304L TP304L 304L 304L TP304L TP304L TP304L F304L CF3 CF3A CPF3 CPF3A | 1.4306 1.4306 1.4306 1.4306 1.4306 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 S30403 J92500 J92500 J92500 J92500 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10253-4 EN 10272 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-269 ASTM A-276 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-409 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-666 ASTM A-688 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 ASTM A-351 ASTM A-351 ASTM A-451 ASTM A-451 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Fittings Bar Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded tube Bar Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Fittings Welded pipe Bar Plate Welded tube Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging Casting Casting Centrif. casting Centrif. casting | – – – – – 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L 304L | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X2CrNi18-9 X2CrNi18-9 X2CrNi18-9 X2CrNi18-9 X2CrNi18-9 X2CrNi18-9 X2CrNi18-9 | 1.4307 1.4307 1.4307 1.4307 1.4307 1.4307 1.4307 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10269 EN 10272 EN 10253-4 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Fasteners Bar Fittings | – – – – – – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 |
| GX5CrNi19-10 | 1.4308 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| GX2CrNi19-11 | 1.4309 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X10CrNi18-8 | 1.4310 | EN 10088-1 | – | 301 | – |
| X2CrNiN18-10 X2CrNiN18-10 X2CrNiN18-10 X2CrNiN18-10 X2CrNiN18-10 X2CrNiN18-10 F304LN TP304LN 304LN TP304LN TP304LN 304LN TP304LN WP304LN 304LN 304LN TP304LN TP304LN TP304LN F304LN | 1.4311 1.4311 1.4311 1.4311 1.4311 1.4311 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 S30453 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10253-4 EN 10272 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-666 ASTM A-688 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Fittings Bar Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Bar Plate Welded tube Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | – – – – – – 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN 304LN | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X5CrNiN19-9 | 1.4315 | EN 10028-7 | Plate | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 |
| GX4CrNi13-4 | 1.4317 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X2CrNiN18-7 | 1.4318 | EN 10028-7 | Plate | 301LN | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X1CrNiSi18-15-4 F46 S30600 S30600 S30600 F46 | 1.4361 S30600 S30600 S30600 S30600 S30600 | – ASTM A-182 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-965 | – Forging Plate Smls. and welded pipe Bar Forging | – – – ATI 610™ – – | – ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X5CrNiMo17-12-2 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 X5CrNiMo17-12-2 F316 Grade F316 316 TP316 316 TP316 – TP316 316 316 TP316 TP316 TP316 F316 | 1.4401 1.4401 1.4401 1.4401 1.4401 1.4401 1.4401 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 S31600 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10253-4 EN 10269 EN 10272 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-409 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-666 ASTM A-688 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Fittings Fasteners Bar Forging Smls. tube Plate Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Welded pipe Bar Plate Welded tube Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | – – – – – – – 316 316 316 316 316 316 316 316 316 316 316 316 316 316 | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X2CrNiMo17-12-2 X2CrNiMo17-12-2 X2CrNiMo17-12-2 X2CrNiMo17-12-2 X2CrNiMo17-12-2 X2CrNiMo17-12-2 X2CrNiMo17-12-2 F316L TP316L 316L TP316L 316L TP316L 316L WP316L TP316L 316L 316L TP316L TP316L TP316L F316L | 1.4404 1.4404 1.4404 1.4404 1.4404 1.4404 1.4404 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 S31603 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10253-4 EN 10269 EN 10272 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-269 ASTM A-276 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-409 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-666 ASTM A-688 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Fittings Fasteners Bar Forging Smls. tube Plate Smls. and welded tube Bar Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Fittings Welded pipe Bar Plate Welded tube Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | – – – – – – – 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L 316L | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X2CrNiMoN17-12-2 X2CrNiMoN17-12-2 X2CrNiMoN17-12-2 | 1.4406 1.4406 1.4406 | EN 10028-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10272 | Plate Forging Bar | – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| GX5CrNiMo19-11-2 | 1.4408 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| GX2CrNiMo19-11-2 | 1.4409 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 X2CrNiMoN17-13-3 F316LN TP316LN 316LN TP316LN TP316LN 316LN TP316LN WP316LN 316LN TP316LN TP316LN TP316LN F316LN | 1.4429 1.4429 1.4429 1.4429 1.4429 1.4429 1.4429 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 S31653 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10253-4 EN 10269 EN 10272 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-688 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Fittings Fasteners Bar Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Bar Welded tube Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | – – – – – – – 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN 316LN | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X2CrNiMo17-12-3 X2CrNiMo17-12-3 X2CrNiMo17-12-3 X2CrNiMo17-12-3 | 1.4432 1.4432 1.4432 1.4432 | EN 10028-7 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10272 | Plate Welded tube Forging Bar | – – – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X2CrNiMoN18-12-4 | 1.4434 | EN 10028-7 | Plate | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X2CrNiMo18-14-3 X2CrNiMo18-14-3 X2CrNiMo18-14-3 X2CrNiMo18-14-3 X2CrNiMo18-14-3 | 1.4435 1.4435 1.4435 1.4435 1.4435 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10272 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Bar | – – – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X3CrNiMoN17-13-3 X3CrNiMoN17-13-3 X3CrNiMoN17-13-3 X3CrNiMoN17-13-3 X3CrNiMoN17-13-3 | 1.4436 1.4436 1.4436 1.4436 1.4436 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10272 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Bar | – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| F316H TP316H 316H TP316H TP316H 316H TP316H WP316H 316H – TP316H TP316H F316H | S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 S31609 | ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-688 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Bar Welded tube Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H 316H | ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 X6CrNiMoTi17-12-2 TP316Ti 316Ti TP316Ti 316Ti TP316Ti | 1.4571 1.4571 1.4571 1.4571 1.4571 1.4571 1.4571 S31635 S31635 S31635 S31635 S31635 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10253-4 EN 10269 EN 10272 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-688 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Fittings Fasteners Bar Smls. tube Plate Smls. and welded pipe Bar Welded tube | – – – – – – 316Ti 316Ti 316Ti 316Ti 316Ti | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X2CrNiMo18-15-4 X2CrNiMo18-15-4 F317L TP317L 317L TP317L TP317L WP317L TP317L TP317L | 1.4438 1.4438 S31703 S31703 S31703 S31703 S31703 S31703 S31703 S31703 | EN 10028-7 EN 10217-7 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 | Plate Welded tube Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fittings Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe | – – 317L 317L 317L 317L 317L 317L 317L 317L | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X2CrNiMo17-13-5 X2CrNiMo17-13-5 X2CrNiMo17-13-5 | 1.4439 1.4439 1.4439 | EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10272 | Seamless tube Welded tube Bar | – – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X3CrNiMo18-12-3 | 1.4449 | EN 10222-5 | Forging | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| TP317LMN S31726 S31726 S31726 S31726 S31726 WP S31726 S31726 S31726 | S31726 S31726 S31726 S31726 S31726 S31726 S31726 S31726 S31726 | ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-409 ASTM A-479 | Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Welded pipe Bar | 317LMN 317LMN 317LMN 317LMN 317LMN 317LMN 317LMN 317LMN 317LMN | ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X6CrNiTi18-10 X6CrNiTi18-10 X6CrNiTi18-10 X6CrNiTi18-10 X6CrNiTi18-10 X6CrNiTi18-10 F321 TP321 321 TP321 TP321 321 TP321 WP321 TP321 321 TP321 TP321 F321 | 1.4541 1.4541 1.4541 1.4541 1.4541 1.4541 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 S32100 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10272 EN 10253-4 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-409 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Bar Fittings Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Welded pipe Bar Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | – – – – – – 321 321 321 321 321 321 321 321 321 321 321 321 321 | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 & EN ISO 21009-1 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X8CrNiTi18-10 F321H TP321H 321H TP321H TP321H TP321H WP321H 321H TP321H TP321H F321H | 1.4878 S32109 S32109 S32109 S32109 S32109 S32109 S32109 S32109 S32109 S32109 S32109 | – ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | – Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Bar Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | – 321H 321H 321H 321H 321H 321H 321H 321H 321H 321H 321H | – ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| X6CrNiNb18-10 X6CrNiNb18-10 X6CrNiNb18-10 X6CrNiNb18-10 X6CrNiNb18-10 X6CrNiNb18-10 F347 TP347 347 TP347 TP347 347 TP347 WP347 TP347 347 TP347 TP347 F347 | 1.4550 1.4550 1.4550 1.4550 1.4550 1.4550 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 S34700 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10217-7 EN 10222-5 EN 10272 EN 10253-4 ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM-358 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM-409 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Plate Seamless tube Welded tube Forging Bar Fittings Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Welded pipe Bar Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | – – – – – – 347 347 347 347 347 347 347 347 347 347 347 347 347 | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| F347H TP347H 347H TP347H TP347H TP347H WP347H 347H TP347H TP347H F347H | S34709 S34709 S34709 S34709 S34709 S34709 S34709 S34709 S34709 S34709 S34709 | ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Bar Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | 347H 347H 347H 347H 347H 347H 347H 347H 347H 347H 347H | ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| 348 TP348 TP348 348 TP348 WP348 TP348 348 TP348 TP348 F348 | S34800 S34800 S34800 S34800 S34800 S34800 S34800 S34800 S34800 S34800 S34800 | ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-358 ASTM A-376 ASTM A-403 ASTM-409 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fusion welded pipe Smls. pipe Fittings Welded pipe Bar Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | 348 348 348 348 348 348 348 348 348 348 348 | ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| F348H TP348H 348H TP348H TP348H WP348H 348H TP348H TP348H F348H | S34809 S34809 S34809 S34809 S34809 S34809 S34809 S34809 S34809 S34809 | ASTM A-182 ASTM A-213 ASTM A-240 ASTM A-249 ASTM A-312 ASTM A-403 ASTM A-479 ASTM A-813 ASTM A-814 ASTM A-965 | Forging Smls. tube Plate Welded tube Smls. and welded pipe Fittings Bar Welded pipe Cold work. weld. pipe Forging | 348H 348H 348H 348H 348H 348H 348H 348H 348H 348H | ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC ASME BPVC |
| GX5CrNiNb19-11 | 1.4552 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 X6CrNiMoNb17-12-2 | 1.4580 1.4580 1.4580 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10272 | Plate Seamless tube Bar | – – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| GXCrNiMoNb19-11-2 | 1.4581 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X2CrNiCu19-10 | 1.4650 | EN 10222-5 | Forging | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X3CrNiMoNB17-13-3 X3CrNiMoNB17-13-3 X3CrNiMoNB17-13-3 | 1.4910 1.4910 1.4910 | EN 10216-5 EN 10222-5 EN 10269 | Seamless tube Forging Fasteners | – – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X7CrNiNb18-12 X7CrNiNb18-12 | 1.4912 1.4912 | EN 10216-5 EN 10222-5 | Seamless tube Forging | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X6CrNiMo17-13-2 | 1.4918 | EN 10216-5 | Seamless tube | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X7CrNiTi18-10 | 1.4940 | EN 10216-5 | Seamless tube | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X6CrNiTiB18-10 X6CrNiTiB18-10 X6CrNiTiB18-10 | 1.4941 1.4941 1.4941 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10222-5 | Plate Seamless tube Forging | – – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X6CrNi18-10 X6CrNi18-10 X6CrNi18-10 | 1.4948 1.4948 1.4948 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 EN 10222-5 | Plate Seamless tube Forging | – – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X8CrNiNb16-13 X8CrNiNb16-13 | 1.4961 1.4961 | EN 10028-7 EN 10216-5 | Plate Seamless tube | – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X8CrNiMoNb16-16 | 1.4981 | EN 10216-5 | Seamless tube | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X10CrNiMoMnNbVB15-10-1 X10CrNiMoMnNbVB15-10-1 | 1.4982 1.4982 | EN 10216-5 EN 10269 | Seamless tube Fasteners | – – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| X8CrNiMoVNb16-13 | 1.4988 | EN 10216-5 | Seamless tube | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
| GX3CrNi13-4 | 1.6982 | EN 10213 | Casting | – | EN 13445-2 & EN 13480-2 |
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